Appendix I - Index of Topics
Analysis 135Caring 6Empath 3Ethic 19Experience 222Guideline 2Listen 45Moral 6Narrative 25Process 109Rigor 3Story 99Subconscious 2Voice 12
Analysis
The Reality about the Process
Conclusion
A Story
- …r account before continuing on with the Analysis and discussion in the rest of t…
- …rded and video taped sessions for later Analysis. I had much more flexibility th…
An Analysis
- …relationship building, question asking, Analysis, synthesis, and information col…
- … written using tools such as Spradley's Analysis procedures or others?
Kinds of Fieldnotes
Example
The Process
- Data Analysis and reporting
- …ome of the more formal qualitative data Analysis procedures such as pattern codi…
- Analysis began almost as soon as data collection. As she viewed the video-tapes …
- …ecord. These notes helped her begin the Analysis of the data while she was still…
Results and Conclusion
Credibility
- Negative case Analysis is an analytical procedure that is meant to refine concl…
- …ulation, peer debriefing, negative case Analysis, progressive subjectivity check…
Transferability
Other Criteria
- …though the balance between description, Analysis, and synthesis will vary depend…
- …be well written to include description, Analysis, and synthesis, and to reveal t…
A School's Superintendent's Story
An Analysis
- … inquiry activities is independent. The Analysis, synthesis, and interpretive pr…
- …(1990) reviews 50 different qualitative Analysis techniques she identified in ed…
- …on collection procedures available, the Analysis, synthesis, and interpretation …
- …e for identifying domains called domain Analysis, which will be discussed in Cha…
Gathering Through Observations, Interviews and Documents
An Assistant Principal's Story
Conclusion
Story Reading Through Analysis, Synthesis and Interpretation
- …perience and making sense could involve Analysis, synthesis, and/or interpretati…
- …llent review of qualitative inquiry and Analysis, Renata Tesch (1990) reviewed 2…
An Analysis
- …little in the way of theory or explicit Analysis.” He goes on to point out tha…
- …e approaches to qualitative inquiry and Analysis described by Tesch (1990) are b…
- …t useful to look at these categories of Analysis Tesch (1990) has created to see…
- …
Spradley's Approach to Interpretation
- There are six steps in making a domain Analysis, which will be followed to illus…
- Overview. Domain Analysis is a process for reviewing field notes containing the …
- Domain Analysis. Domains are made up of three elements (examples are taken from …
Domain Analysis
- Taxonomic Analysis
- Componential Analysis
- Domain Analysis Worksheet
- Step 1. Select a domain for taxonomic Analysis
- …cise, again writing the results of this Analysis into your field notes.
- … for focused observations and taxonomic Analysis.
- …iries to check out the adequacy of your Analysis
- Step 1. Select a domain for Analysis
- …ms in those specific domains, taxonomic Analysis is used to discover if and how …
- Selected inquiry. Data collection and Analysis activities discussed earlier (de…
- … related terms may be identified as the Analysis continues and they could be gro…
- …quirers are likely to conduct taxonomic Analysis as an extension of domain analy…
- …mends that to learn to use componential Analysis, one ought to start with a doma…
- Componential Analysis includes the entire process of searching for dimensions o…
- …gories, you should stand back from your Analysis and think about synthesizing yo…
- …en domains, it is time to complete this Analysis stage by formalizing the taxono…
- …data during a qualitative study. Domain Analysis helps researchers discover patt…
- … The tentative taxonomy coming from the Analysis of Rob’s story discussed in s…
- … eight basic steps doing a componential Analysis:
- …pon the results of the various forms of Analysis to “tell a story” of your r…
- During earlier Analysis and through the use of contrast questions and selective …
- …cted in previous assignments for domain Analysis and focused inquiry. It should …
- Of course, doing the taxonomic Analysis described above will raise new questions…
Conclusion
- … Huberman, M. (1984). Qualitative data Analysis, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.…
- …esch, R. (1990). Qualitative research: Analysis types and software tools. New …
- Strauss, A. L. (1987). Qualitative Analysis for social scientists, New York: Ca…
Revisiting Three Stories
An Analysis of Three Stories
- … setting they are studying, weave their Analysis of what they think people mean …
- …w, methods used, a narrative portrayal, Analysis and synthesis, discussion and c…
- …ts of their reflections, conversations, Analysis of their purposes and Steve’s…
- …r conducting the study, principally the Analysis of her journals and synthesis o…
- …cher’s journal keeping and reflective Analysis of the stories in that journal …
Appendix A.1 - A Sample Study from BYU-Public School Partnership
Appendix A.2 - What Have We Learned?
Appendix A.3 - Patterns of Experience
- …hesis in a critique of film writing and Analysis in a way that closely parallels…
- …iry. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 8 (1), 87-99.
- …r identifying themes and other forms of Analysis will be discussed in Chapter Ei…
Appendix B.1 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 1
- Componential Analysis
- Taxonomic Analysis
- Domain Analysis
- … time I had completed the second domain Analysis.
- To perform a taxonomic Analysis, I took each of the 31 included terms and placed…
- …eldnotes in four different ways: domain Analysis, taxonomic Analysis, componenti…
- …icle I share the results of an in-depth Analysis of ten pages from two journals …
- Domain Analysis (Spradley, 1980) was the first Analysis I did. This procedure in…
- A complete Analysis of procedures used to establish the trustworthiness of thi…
- Componential Analysis (Spradley, 1980) helped reveal contrasts among the terms o…
- …e Semantic Relationships used in Domain Analysis
- …over which domain to choose for further Analysis. I finally selected “The Uses…
Appendix B.2 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 2
- Results of Domain and Taxonomic Analysis
- Results of Componential Analysis
- …the journal for me. Through a taxonomic Analysis of the 31 included terms in thi…
- An Analysis of the 1985 and the 1989 journals shows that I wrote about the same …
- The initial domain Analysis is in Appendix B, the focused is in Appendix C, and …
- Example from componential Analysis:
- …V shows the results of the componential Analysis. Doing this Analysis evoked som…
- …ights came to me as I used Componential Analysis to make sense of the journal en…
Appendix B.3 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 3
- …curring in the classroom? The preceding Analysis was of only ten pages from two …
- …roject with field notes on the left and Analysis, reflections, feelings on the r…
Appendix B.4 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 4
- July 29, 19922 Worked on componential Analysis 1 1/2 hours. Generated six dimens…
- …a focus yet. First I should do a domain Analysis.
- …d me. Determined that I could do domain Analysis.
- …1/2 hours on fieldnotes. Started domain Analysis, easier than I thought–eight …
- … Spradley pages 130-139 on componential Analysis. Discovered why it is called th…
- …id about my frustration in doing Domain Analysis–doing fieldnotes of fieldnote…
- July 25, 1992: Finished domain Analysis for 1985 journal in 1 hour 40 minutes. F…
- …2: I read and reread chapters on domain Analysis and focused observations. Inter…
- …at I was learning from the componential Analysis. Selected two items from the ta…
- …uly 23, 1992: Worked one hour on domain Analysis. This is fun.
- July 27, 1992: Finished 1989 domain Analysis to page 25 in 55 minutes. Did the f…
Appendix B.5 - Marne's critique of her own study
- c. Are data collection and Analysis procedures adequate? Has the researcher been…
- e. Is negative case Analysis used appropriately?
- …ns, formal interviews, student document Analysis, parent visits, other teachers
- …y event was analyzed. A thorough domain Analysis was performed for fifteen seman…
- …ions, interviews, surveys, and document Analysis of their productions.
- Negative case Analysis was performed within the limits put on the study–ten pa…
- d. Does it include Analysis and synthesis of the data?
Appendix E - A Study of Educational Change in Alberta
- …llows outlines the data gathering, data Analysis, and decision making process, d…
- Data reduction and Analysis is also documented in the audit trail through the fo…
Appendix F - Moving Ahead: A Naturalistic Study of Retention Reversal of Five Elementary School Children
- Data Analysis
- … phrases were identified using a domain Analysis (Spradley, 1980).
- …tive case e. no contradictory cases wereAnalysis foundf. referential f. Warren
- Through Analysis based on naturalistic inquiry (Spradley, 1980) three major them…
- …nt observation, interview, and document Analysis. To the extent possible, the wo…
- …sonal journals were set aside for later Analysis.
- … conclusions were drawn using taxonomic Analysis (Spradley, 1980). A componentia…
- …puter transcripts, portrayals(B) Domain Analysis (B) colour coded entries to coi…
- Negative case Analysis. Hypotheses were developed from the fieldwork and searche…
- …y and junior high school pupils: a meta-Analysis. Review of Educational Research…
- …d throughout the year.artifacts.3. Data Analysis
Appendix G.1 - An Examination of Teacher Reflection
- …hy Watson conduct the seminar on Miscue Analysis and whole language. He met the …
- …little in the way of theory or explicit Analysis. But the description is also a …
Appendix G.2 - Themes of Reflection
- … was changing to was working. But as my Analysis of the situation from the persp…
- …s on, and provide close description and Analysis to bring forth better understan…
- …o something like Cruickshank’s (1987) Analysis of effectiveness of methods and…
- Retrospective Analysis: There are certainly times when Dave would, after the fac…
Appendix H - Spradley's theme synthesis and report writing
- The data Analysis activities presented in other chapters (Domain Analysis, Taxon…
- …rder to conduct the cycle of collection-Analysis-collection-Analysis-collection-…
- Theme Analysis is based on the assumption that “every culture, and every cultu…
- …n domains.” Spradley suggests “that Analysis consist[s] of a search for (a) …
Caring
An Analysis of Three Stories
Appendix B.2 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 2
Appendix B.3 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 3
- …ourselves (Howe, 1984), to enter into a Caring relationship with all the parts o…
- …ee a real human being worth knowing and Caring about–a valuable accomplishment…
Appendix B.4 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 4
Appendix F - Moving Ahead: A Naturalistic Study of Retention Reversal of Five Elementary School Children
Empath
An Analysis of KL's Experience
Observing Lessons
An Analysis of Three Stories
Ethic
The Reality about the Process
- …dent teacher, Jack, was asking what his Ethical response should be to a student …
- …dependent upon our treating one another Ethically (as Sid and Cheryl treated Ste…
An Analysis of Assumptions
An Analysis of KL's Experience
Other Criteria
Audit Trail
Sharing through Story Telling
Appendix A.3 - Patterns of Experience
- …gories) and respond to the other in the Ethical relationship we are already in.…
- …istance of what has no resistance, with Ethical resistance. (Pp. 53-55)
- …ole conveys both an epistemology and an Ethic to the student, both an approach t…
- …f the metaphysics of modernism and that Ethics (the responsibility of the same o…
- … point Levinas makes in saying that the Ethical relationship or responsibility t…
- …y and usefully. Certainly, the call for Ethical responsibility to others voiced …
Appendix B.2 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 2
Appendix B.4 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 4
Appendix B.5 - Marne's critique of her own study
- 3. ARE PEOPLE TREATED EthicALLY?
- …d be argued that I did not treat myself Ethically since I made myself skip meals…
Appendix F - Moving Ahead: A Naturalistic Study of Retention Reversal of Five Elementary School Children
Appendix G.2 - Themes of Reflection
Experience
Preface
A School Story of Qualitative Inquiry
- … change what we do. That could make the Experience completely different for futu…
- Jack: Does this Experience seem similar to Hawaii to you? (Steve nodded). I can …
- …these narrow skis. Others have no prior Experience. All are adventurous, in my o…
- …ams that last, I am taking this year to Experience the class first hand. But I d…
- …I just don't want this to be a negative Experience for you. This decision has no…
An Analysis of the Story
- …ry using a qualitative orientation. But Experiences like the one described in th…
- …at did the participants learn from this Experience? What questions were they ask…
Qualitative Inquiry Process
The Reality about the Process
- …nts may assemble information from their Experiences for use in contemplating the…
- …f enhancing their learning and teaching Experiences. To clarify the qualitative …
- …nquiry activities combine in a holistic Experience, several groups of activities…
- …er activities that were going into this Experience. I tried to describe what I w…
- …p; but Steve didn't think so. The whole Experience strengthened and clarified th…
- …ackgrounds, personalities, beliefs, and Experience lead to vast differences in a…
- …ow to ski, to help them integrate their Experiences in the out of doors to their…
- As a participant in this Experience, I assumed that whatever I would say about t…
- …pants are constantly interpreting their Experiences and the information they are…
- …is enhanced as we report and expose our Experiences and interpretations with fel…
- …tes or any other kind of record on this Experience. They knew that I was doing s…
- …ts so they would talk to me about their Experiences in this program. I found tha…
- …to say we were immersed in the ski trip Experience with no common explicit inqui…
- …s://edtechbooks.org/-ruW] to yield both Experiences and products. But any subpar…
An Analysis of Assumptions
- … The statements Cheryl made about her Experiences with Unified were time and c…
- …ind one 'true' definition of everyone's Experience.
- …f and antiseptic. One must get into the Experience full-heartedly to gain the mo…
Some Additional Beliefs and Assumptions Regarding Human Inquiry
- …f people who have had millions of other Experiences in their lives too. So how…
- …oint out alternative interpretations of Experiences they had in common with her …
- …n them and on how they responded to the Experience I set up for them; thus influ…
- …ified many similar evaluations of their Experiences in Unified Studies. But no…
A Story
- … associated with particularly memorable Experiences so they could relate them to…
- …hey ever find time to keep notes on the Experience? Yet I and several other teac…
- …apes after school, or write about their Experiences in letters to friends and fa…
- …ir own unique kinds of records of their Experiences, the information they gather…
- …ield notes as an integral part of their Experience each year.
An Analysis
- …l remind her more powerfully of her own Experiences when she returns to the jour…
- …s of some of what she saw and heard and Experienced, as well as her thoughts, fe…
- …zes some conclusions she made about her Experience but does so in a context of d…
- …I am sure you noticed dimensions of her Experience that related to some of what …
- …haustive' notes that capture the entire Experience for all participants. That wo…
Kinds of Fieldnotes
- …s of what the inquirer sees, hears, and Experiences. Detailed, concrete and vivi…
- … your attention on certain parts of the Experience. But over time, you should lo…
- …hould record your preconceptions, prior Experiences, opinions, beliefs, attitude…
- …ing and experiencing during the inquiry Experience, as Marn' said the keeping of…
- …f the inquirer's behavior, actions, and Experience in relation to the Experience…
- …vities, descriptions of the events they Experience provide helpful insight to th…
- …information you need to interpret their Experiences.
- …that you may be seeing in participants' Experiences, connections between experie…
- …es most likely influence the events and Experiences participants have. The inqui…
Example
- …o she can dedicate all her time to this Experience or not. Her hair is curly and…
- …kill your opportunities, you're out the Experience. It is a whole day's worth of…
- …l different disciplines into a holistic Experience that lasts all day every othe…
Some Ideas about Record Keeping
Mechanics of Fieldnotes
An Article-Based Story
- … two purposes: first, they are learning Experiences for the teacher-researchers,…
- …spent doing the studies, discussing the Experience in weekly class meetings and …
- …ix C: An Elementary School Example. Her Experiences with field relations will be…
The Process
- …ensive descriptions of Jimmy’s school Experience in a final report for the cou…
- …s were informally interviewed and their Experiences with and opinions of Jimmy w…
- …ed the video-tapes and reflected on her Experiences with Jimmy, KL discovered pa…
Results and Conclusion
- …ing the three month study. However, the Experience was so positive she has conti…
- … some permanent changes. She learned by Experience that a teacher is one of the …
- …s well as benefits associated with this Experience.
- Though her first Experience with qualitative inquiry methods in the classroom to…
- …oom, KL could draw on his knowledge and Experiences in front of his peers, to he…
- …f and her own teaching techniques. This Experience helped her realize how few on…
An Analysis of KL's Experience
- …e in their settings who can share their Experiences in ways that may lead to cha…
- …ctivity to gain insights into others’ Experiences from their point of view.
- … will share their perspectives on their Experience with the inquirer.
- …ed to help practitioner-inquirers share Experiences with the people they are try…
- … a record, interpreting information and Experience, and even sharing her interpr…
An Analysis
Credibility
- …h to build trust with the participants, Experience the breadth of variation and …
- … is a technique which ensures depth of Experience and understanding in addition…
A School's Superintendent's Story
An Analysis
- …ct, the subtle textures of the teaching Experience, the subtle textures of the l…
- My basic approach is to Experience the setting as richly as possible, asking mys…
- …ase they may have some relevance to the Experiences you are learning more about:…
- … thoughtfulness, from his many years of Experience in the Alberta school systems…
- …estions raised by participants’ lived Experiences. The qualitative inquirer i…
- …g more effectively in light of whatever Experience he is able to have in schools…
- Garry’s Experiences illustrate several points that others who want to conduct …
Conclusion
Gathering Through Observations, Interviews and Documents
An Assistant Principal's Story
- …study was an outgrowth of questions and Experiences she had before the study was…
- What can we learn from Judy’s Experience about observing, interviewing, and re…
General Lessons
- Another obvious lesson from Judy’s Experience is that she recognized and welco…
- … see or hear is filtered through their Experiences, dispositions, biases, energ…
- …ous lessons to be learned from Judy’s Experience is that her data collection …
- …ncipal’s office and activities or the Experiences of another teacher, even wit…
- …was tentative and based on this limited Experience. She was willing to go to the…
- …al, she would have had a very different Experience. The roles she and the others…
- … using to sift the particulars from the Experience into your inquiry. It is diff…
- …g because she wanted to understand the Experience of retention from the viewpoi…
Observing Lessons
- …meone who wants to stand back from that Experience in various ways and at differ…
- … introspective and thoughtful about the Experience and goes to the trouble of wr…
- … watch for signals we can relate to our Experiences, words, thoughts, and feelin…
Interviewing Lessons
- … initiating the questions around common Experiences you have shared during obser…
- …quirer builds on natural conversational Experiences to create a new kind of conv…
- …and their parents knew more about their Experience of retention than did the edu…
- …heir student when it comes to their own Experiences and interpretations of those…
Conclusion
A Graduate Student Story
Story Reading Through Analysis, Synthesis and Interpretation
- … actively or deliberately interpret Experience “reflectively” or “thou…
- …ing meaning of some event, activity, or Experience. The telling of a story invol…
- …re broadly, we find that living and all Experience generally can be usefully tho…
- … may be very foreign to the teachers’ Experiences. They face the challenge of …
An Analysis
- …ved in creating curriculum and learning Experiences to listen to stories told by…
- …oach inquirers use to interpret or read Experiences they have– they ask how th…
- …tell stories about his past and current Experience, by asking him questions base…
- …d hermeneutisists (searching people’s Experiences as students of literature se…
- …r interests, questions, and readings of Experiences in your setting can be enhan…
- …s as curriculum planners: narratives of Experience. As Elliot Eisner says in the…
- …ng out various dimensions of people’s Experiences to discover their interpreti…
Spradley's Approach to Interpretation
Domain Analysis
- Although Experienced qualitative inquirers are likely to conduct taxonomic analy…
- …f contrast for interpreting students’ Experiences.
- …roles helps the inquirer understand the Experiences of both the students and the…
- …lysis and think about synthesizing your Experiences from time to time in your ow…
- …irer take a better “reading” of the Experiences of people in your inquiry se…
- …cipants in this setting assign to their Experiences.
- …adley’s process for “reading” the Experiences of participants and the disc…
Conclusion
- …s as curriculum planners: narratives of Experience, New York: Teachers College.…
- … teacher reflection and one teacher’s Experience, Unpublished doctoral dissert…
Sharing through Story Telling
- …out your “reading” of a student’s Experience to writing an article or a di…
- … might share it. When we first had this Experience, the teachers shared their ve…
- …ask is especially difficult because any Experience you have had or have studied …
- …rself what you are “reading” in the Experiences you are studying. In a sense…
Revisiting Three Stories
- …rnative ways of interpreting people’s Experiences and telling stories about th…
- …ncourage them to keep a record of their Experiences and thoughts and to use anal…
An Analysis of Three Stories
- …gs by giving readers a vicarious shared Experience with the people in the storie…
- …r is invited to see them in their lived Experience as real people trying to deal…
- …f “reading” or interpreting her own Experience was worthwhile and why sharin…
- …which . . . mimics the rhythms of human Experience, the ebb and flow of life its…
- …ncourage them to keep a record of their Experiences and thoughts and to use anal…
Conclusion
Appendix A.1 - A Sample Study from BYU-Public School Partnership
- Overview of the Participants' Roles and Experiences
- …’, and teacher educators’ roles and Experiences were unique as compared to t…
- This study was designed to examine the Experiences of several Partnership partic…
- …dit trail indices, analyses made during Experiences as well as more systematic a…
- …rocess is the student teaching or field Experience. However, the pedagogical pra…
- …hird body of literature have encouraged Experienced teachers to be more thoughtf…
- …ing their pre-service courses and field Experience in this study and have contin…
- …he participants to enhance the learning Experiences of student teachers, novice …
Appendix A.2 - What Have We Learned?
- …nquiry that go into the Unified Studies Experience. Cheryl helped invent this cl…
- … we got last weekend. That was quite an Experience. We left on Friday so that we…
- … That was and is the greatest sadness I Experience every year with the students.…
- …ny of them were responding to the total Experience. I do love capturing moments …
- …s, Sid talked to them briefly about his Experiences in 1968 of having an assigne…
- …y will forget it. Unified is a learning Experience they will remember not only f…
- …in this setting. So far, their teaching Experiences have been individual instead…
- …nd many other topic areas into holistic Experiences. The first part of the day w…
- …nch, and field note journals for a solo Experience (each student alone to think,…
- … to really be in charge so far and both Experiences had some positive aspects bu…
- …et. We are going to come back from this Experience and design our own skis. You …
- … presented in this section. Patterns of Experience across all the participants t…
Appendix A.3 - Patterns of Experience
- … J. (1990). Student teaching and school Experiences. In W. R. Houston (Ed.) Han…
- …immense wealth of information about the Experiences of student teachers, and hel…
- … to discover in the educator as learner Experiences discussed in this paper. Thi…
- Our Experiences as inquiring educators suggest that by encouraging educators to …
- …pants in the pre-service and in-service Experiences described in this paper enco…
- Looking across the Experiences related in these samples of records kept by the p…
- Experience, the idea of infinity, occurs in the relationship with the other. The…
- …nd which is predominant around us. This Experience has been an invitation to be …
- …developed during these reflective field Experiences. If the findings of this stu…
Appendix B.1 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 1
- …oses of the present study, which was to Experience the processes of naturalistic…
- …came in early to tell about her reading Experience the night before and to tell …
Appendix B.2 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 2
- …the participants’ hearts, values, and Experiences to find out)
- …ir own way, although teacher instigated Experiences, demonstrations, and expecta…
- … during silent reading, having a shared Experience for later reflection and conn…
- …ding who will do what, sharing personal Experiences. At this point the best supp…
- …ly that maybe she has had some personal Experiences. I ought to be open to her i…
- …h results in a more successful learning Experience for them. The discomfort and …
- …ecisions made (find out about S.A.D.D), Experiences shared (by Cindra and Cal), …
- … shared with the class some very strong Experiences about this group’s impact …
Appendix B.3 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 3
- Herbert Gold “I write to master my Experience.”
- Journals allow us to examine our own Experiences, to gain a fresh perspective, a…
- As I write about my Experiences in the classroom, describing the situations and …
- …s I make of my journals, weaving in the Experiences shared and the opinions expr…
- …y to impose form upon our often chaotic Experiences (Grumet, 1988) and, in proce…
- …fans of L’Amour. They wrote back. The Experience was so enjoyable that I began…
- …classroom.So writing about my classroom Experiences extends my awareness and und…
- I write to make sense of my Experience and to make it serve me to improve my tea…
- …ns, summing up feelings, reviewing past Experiences, and documenting new knowled…
- …those events so that I learn from those Experiences over time as well as immedia…
Appendix B.4 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 4
- …we fight against our not-knowing, which Experiences each moment afresh witho ut …
- … teacher reflection and one teacher’s Experience. Unpublished doctoral dissert…
- …our professional selves, learn from our Experiences, and struggle to make sense …
- …y has been another “write to learn” Experience. Second, to share its values …
- … all my sources are comments, opinions, Experiences; none are experimental or re…
Appendix D - Reflecting on Reflection
- …o think, to ponder, to reflect upon our Experiences, too often we reach the end …
- …n asked to spend time reflecting on her Experiences, one woman said: “My life …
Appendix E - A Study of Educational Change in Alberta
- …ferent speeds. We’ve learned from our Experience that you can’t force people…
- …uiry approach was used in examining the Experiences of the teachers who voluntar…
- It is important to have shared Experiences and a common focus that can be built …
- Unfortunately, a bad Experience with an attempted change tends to carry over to …
Appendix F - Moving Ahead: A Naturalistic Study of Retention Reversal of Five Elementary School Children
- 2. a need for “openness to Experience” and looking beyond and outside predet…
- …ocial work practicum students, and work Experience students from the feeder high…
- …s, and their teachers within a “lived Experience” (Van Manen, 1990).…
- …es on enquiring into yet uncomprehended Experiences, so do those who accept his …
- As educators inquire into the Experiences of children, a deep understanding of c…
- As a result of this Experience, educators should:
- …ld trust, to engage in the diversity of Experiences afforded the respondents, an…
- …d grades. However, throughout my school Experience sports and friends were also …
- …tively explore “the category of lived Experiences in all its modalities and as…
- …9), and Van Manen’s Researching Lived Experiences (1990). An audit trail and f…
- 3. a need to “Experience vulnerability” where one questions personal world v…
Appendix G.1 - An Examination of Teacher Reflection
- …ngs have even made more sense as I’ve Experienced some of it.” He heard Ken …
- …join the process by examining their own Experiences in the light of these result…
- …rocal Reading is to get the students to Experience aspects of good reading they …
- …at home. Next on his list was, “Cloze Experiences. If not overdone, they can h…
- … notice about the writing? What did you Experience as it was being read? What qu…
- … often talk while he does other things. Experienced teachers seem to develop the…
Appendix G.2 - Themes of Reflection
- … term from the literature onto Dave’s Experience. It is helpful to have some o…
- …thinking about parts of Dave Jensen’s Experience, but too narrow and limited t…
- …of reflection merely as looking back on Experience assumes the neutrality and gi…
- …e away and opening themselves up to new Experiences and thoughts.
- …ective period, a feeling of “a direct Experience of mastery, satisfaction, enj…
- …n if a teacher looks back on a teaching Experience and thinks, for example, “I…
Appendix H - Spradley's theme synthesis and report writing
- …ements describe one aspect of tramps’ Experience– “begging, borrowing, pan…
- …o organize their behavior and interpret Experience. Themes come to be taken for …
- …he nature of [people’s] commonly held Experience.” These assertions vary gre…
Guideline
An Analysis of KL's Experience
Appendix F - Moving Ahead: A Naturalistic Study of Retention Reversal of Five Elementary School Children
Listen
A School Story of Qualitative Inquiry
Conclusion
Some Additional Beliefs and Assumptions Regarding Human Inquiry
Kinds of Fieldnotes
An Analysis of KL's Experience
An Analysis
An Analysis
General Lessons
- … natural human skills such as talking, Listening, seeing, and thinking that wer…
- …ar or see in others while you are there Listening and watching. The roles you ar…
Observing Lessons
- …ncipal who walks around and watches and Listens. But Judy added several of the p…
- …ervation is a whole person activity. We Listen and watch for signals we can rela…
Interviewing Lessons
- …ension to observation that goes beyond Listening to them in their own conversat…
- …professional authoritarian roles and to Listen to the people involved. Once agai…
- …d interpretations of those experiences. Listen attentively and be interested. Le…
- …erated by the inquirer. The teacher can Listen to the students ask each other qu…
Document Review Lessons
Conclusion
Story Reading Through Analysis, Synthesis and Interpretation
An Analysis
- … curriculum and learning experiences to Listen to stories told by others who hav…
- …nterpretive stance by observing him, by Listening to him tell stories about his …
- …nterpretation requires a willingness to Listen deeply to what people have to say…
Domain Analysis
- … meaning maker, thinker, discusser, and Listener could be organized under the su…
- e. Listener (p82)
- …ctant reader (80)Activity chooser (79) Listener (82)
Sharing through Story Telling
Revisiting Three Stories
Appendix A.2 - What Have We Learned?
- …ave ever had. Be scholars about this– Listen and learn what they have to teach…
- …back of the classroom with the students Listening to Camie and Kolbi whispering …
Appendix A.3 - Patterns of Experience
Appendix B.2 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 2
- …ut back in touch with pleasant memories Listening to someone else read?
- Cindra — She can Listen to several things at once. She was involved in her own…
- …e steer?” (I was excited. He had been Listening.) During reading time — he r…
- …behavior, sharing of good books through Listening to segments, discussion of rea…
Appendix B.3 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 3
Appendix B.4 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 4
- June 30, 1992: Listened to others ideas, talked to David about two ideas. He lik…
- … without. To sit still long enough, and Listen close enough, and care enough to …
Appendix D - Reflecting on Reflection
Appendix F - Moving Ahead: A Naturalistic Study of Retention Reversal of Five Elementary School Children
- …ntion and yet they quietly observed and Listened for S months before they had th…
- …de I as a reminder of the importance of Listening. I decided early to nurture my…
- …thin the school community– observing, Listening, questioning, and talking. As …
- …onths with the five children, watching, Listening, questioning, and talking. The…
- Educators Listen only superficially to the voices of children. In every intervie…
Appendix G.1 - An Examination of Teacher Reflection
- …s? Go to the movies in your head as you Listen.”
- …s I know that he sees reading, writing, Listening, and speaking all as aspects o…
- …he is going to read. He advises them to Listen carefully and to do a lot of thin…
Moral
An Analysis of Three Stories
- …Barone argues that story telling can be Morally persuasive and promotes critical…
- …es that are accessible, compelling, and Morally persuasive. Ideally, articles sh…
Appendix B.3 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 3
Appendix B.4 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 4
Appendix D - Reflecting on Reflection
Appendix F - Moving Ahead: A Naturalistic Study of Retention Reversal of Five Elementary School Children
Narrative
Some Common Assumptions
An Analysis
- Story Telling and Narrative Inquiry
- …and others claim that story telling and Narrative inquiry are the most appropria…
Conclusion
A Graduate Student Story
An Analysis
- …u to tell you stories of their lives in Narrative form and to listen to those st…
- The literature on Narrative and storytelling is extensive. One useful resource t…
- …teaching, and so on. In some ways, this Narrative account seems like a story wit…
Conclusion
Sharing through Story Telling
- …se, you might want to combine some rich Narrative stories illustrating the needs…
- …to these audiences, in addition to rich Narrative and subsequent analyses and sy…
- …cial scientists and so you must provide Narratives that are “inviting, even co…
- …so, you probably will want to tell rich Narrative stories about these children, …
An Analysis of Three Stories
- …ion, literature review, methods used, a Narrative portrayal, analysis and synthe…
- …, Marné begins her “story telling” Narrative section with a portrayal of he…
- … these sections but is a bit shy on the Narrative portrayal. That is a typical p…
- Stories of this Narrative type add to all other kinds of sharing because all aud…
- …ntially of the same three elements as a Narrative story– a beginning, middle, …
Conclusion
- …D. J. (1990). Stories of experience and Narrative inquiry. Educational Research…
- Barone, T. E. (1992). A Narrative of enhanced professionalism: educational resea…
Appendix A.2 - What Have We Learned?
Appendix B.3 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 3
- …ook, a diary, or a journal is a form of Narrative as well as a form of research,…
- … keeping. What I found is conceptual or Narrative rather than experimental or et…
- …. Likewise, my journals are filled with Narratives about my students. Quite ofte…
Appendix B.4 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 4
Process
An Analysis of the Story
- …lieve that people needed to be taught a Process and certain activities for condu…
- …were not consciously following a linear Process, but all of us - Sid, Cheryl, Ja…
The Reality about the Process
- This review of the qualitative inquiry Process in light of an example from a sch…
- …ces. To clarify the qualitative inquiry Process as applied to learning and teach…
- …, as it were, a fixed image of a single Process of movement ' an abstraction of …
- Figure 2. The Reality about the Process
- …rs, we were engaging in several inquiry Processes.
- Qualitative inquiry is a Process, which includes the various activities illustra…
Organization of this Book
Conclusion
Some Additional Beliefs and Assumptions Regarding Human Inquiry
A Story
An Analysis
- … to independently assess her filtration Processes, her sampling, relationship bu…
- …ut your assumptions and your filtration Processes. You need to reveal yourself a…
Kinds of Fieldnotes
Some Ideas about Record Keeping
An Article-Based Story
- …ectly in the research and/or evaluation Processes.
- …tioners must participate in the inquiry Process if research and evaluation effor…
The Process
- … the more traditional field note taking Processes on the playground, in the cafe…
- …dvantages associated with the videotape Process, KL began to suspect that her fi…
Results and Conclusion
An Analysis of KL's Experience
- …echbooks.org/-ruW], which illustrates a Process commonly used by qualitative inq…
- … of relationships to the entire inquiry Process. Looking closely at the relation…
Credibility
- …l known cases without exception.” The Process involves developing hypotheses b…
- …ility of a qualitative inquiry. In this Process, the data record, interpretation…
Dependability
Other Criteria
A School's Superintendent's Story
- …at the heart of the qualitative inquiry Process and the practitioner as learner …
- …en learning and teaching and the change Process.
- …ntral question: “What is the change Process in an educational setting.” Af…
- …tely at the heart of this holo-movement Process. This chapter will illustrate th…
An Analysis
A Graduate Student Story
An Analysis
Spradley's Approach to Interpretation
- Overview. Domain analysis is a Process for reviewing field notes containing the …
- …er will be spent looking closely at the Process Spradley recommends because it i…
Domain Analysis
- …he or she is studying by following this Process, even if it is not complete.…
- …xtension of domain analysis in a single Process, by following the steps presente…
- …ponential analysis includes the entire Process of searching for dimensions of c…
- …e very efficiently with a computer word Processing program. Examples from Rob’…
- …stions are at the heart of Spradley’s Process for “reading” the experience…
Appendix A.1 - A Sample Study from BYU-Public School Partnership
- …ost important parts of that educational Process is the student teaching or field…
- …ecome involved in a particular learning Process and to think of themselves as in…
Appendix A.2 - What Have We Learned?
- …ed to save them and cut his hand in the Process. The guides had lots of informat…
- …g many of the same naturalistic inquiry Process as I was. Presented below are so…
Appendix A.3 - Patterns of Experience
- This Process of involving student teachers and teachers as naturalistic inquirer…
- …tely uncontrollable persons. This whole Process can actually close people off fr…
- …bout our experiences with students. The Process of learning through naturalistic…
- …s better, helps them exemplify learning Processes for their students, makes them…
- This Process of preparing and supporting teachers could be used by other investi…
- …and colleagues in the high school. This Process helped us avoid the trap of usin…
Appendix B.1 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 1
- …sent study, which was to experience the Processes of naturalistic inquiry, I lim…
- …elf about what I was doing, the inquiry Process I was going through, and the res…
- …of similar terms. I worked through this Process until I felt comfortable with th…
- …hesis (Spradley, 1980). I describe each Process below.
- …om my handwritten journal onto the word Processor. When something occurred to me…
- …rts, the reflection part of the journal Process had no counterpart. I missed the…
Appendix B.2 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 2
- …ading proficiency: enjoying the reading Process, seeing good oral reading demons…
- …lize that real learning is a generative Process rather than stenciling someone e…
- …ation an integral part of the classroom Process.-Write to learn to teach.-Use re…
- … were discussing.Cell 5.1/E: The mental Process used in this journal entry was t…
- …me to write because I came to value the Process. I considered it some of the bes…
- …ed or rejected and then because of this Process of significant change, good thin…
Appendix B.3 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 3
- …dren for two years in classrooms in the Processof writing in order to discover h…
- …ct to their involvement in the language Processes in the classroom and to provid…
- …nres my students are, and pondering the Processes I go through in order to talk …
- …es. I was startled by the power of this Process. . . .It is through telling our …
- …wn practice, he engages in a continuing Process of self-education” (Schon, 198…
- … own lives, empowering ourselves in the Process (Cooper, 1991, p.98).
- …otic experiences (Grumet, 1988) and, in Process, to develop our own voice. Liste…
- …ver more successful teaching acts. This Process of feedforward and feedback is c…
- …think about and learn about the reading Process, be a careful kid watcher to det…
- …d in time and tools that facilitate the Process& The professional journal seemed…
- …
Appendix B.4 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 4
- …T.W. (1981). The teaching and learning Process. Washington, D.C.: National Educ…
- … with texts and both are changed in the Process, I am changed by my transactions…
- …Ruddell (Eds.), Theoretical models and Processes of reading (3rd Ed.). Newark,…
Appendix B.5 - Marne's critique of her own study
- …Others might discover the power of this Process to the degree they describe even…
- …mes as time constraints impinged on the Process. Initially, I had hoped to analy…
- …vents to involve myself in the research Process. The students mentioned in the j…
- …ed of the researcher, the journals, the Process of creating the journals, and th…
Appendix E - A Study of Educational Change in Alberta
- Theme Three: Understanding change Processes impacts change itself
- With regard to change Process inhibitors, it became obvious that when individual…
- … this research study is that the change Process in an educational setting is not…
- …ming focus and understanding the change Process, provided a base of support for …
- …attempted to avoid interfering with the Process. Decisions in regard to the chan…
- …e environment for change but the change Process is slow. You have to accept peop…
- …on a better understanding of the change Process is needed. Rather than attemptin…
- …hrough naturalistic inquiry, the change Process associated with the approach of …
- …ressed in the study was that the change Process in an educational setting is not…
- …e involves an awareness of facilitative Processes including
- …ownership and involvement in the change Process. Also, Deal and Kennedy (1985) a…
- …be described as the heart of the change Process. As well as considering the pers…
- …op a better understanding of the change Process.
- … change involves recognizing inhibiting Processes such as leaders:
- …spective, contextual factors and change Processes. It was concluded that, as wel…
- …g and teaching paradigms and the change Process associated with a paradigm shift…
Appendix F - Moving Ahead: A Naturalistic Study of Retention Reversal of Five Elementary School Children
- …ty which would be better described as a Process of knowing. Indeed, as the scien…
- …To ensure dependability (quality of the Process) and confirmability (quality of …
Appendix G.1 - An Examination of Teacher Reflection
- …m others but usually adapts them in the Process. He invents as well. And he thin…
- … end, let me invite readers to join the Process by examining their own experienc…
- …d feels- as well as by later analytical Processes. Fourth, therefore, readers sh…
- …other than a mechanical fact-extraction Process, and Clarifying and Predicting r…
Appendix G.2 - Themes of Reflection
- …might well be seen as a problem solving Process. But again, problem solving alon…
- …ng is more than a description of mental Processing‹I see obligation. Why does …
Appendix H - Spradley's theme synthesis and report writing
- Throughout the Process of conducting a study, qualitative inquirers accumulate m…
- …eports sooner than you might think. The Process of writing will help you discove…
- …an understand them.” This translation Process involves two major tasks:…
- …l is included. The qualitative research Process begins with description and disc…
Rigor
Some Common Assumptions
An Article-Based Story
- …luators and researchers employ but less Rigorously and for different reasons:…
- …taking it all in. Also, researchers are Rigorous about keeping detailed records …
Story
An Analysis of the Story
Qualitative Inquiry Process
The Reality about the Process
- …ready, as were the participants in this Story. But with a little more focus on i…
- …ing data around their experience in the Story told here. The record used for the…
- The Story told earlier is an illustration of two high school teachers, a student…
- … project, which became the focus of the Story told here. No proposals were writt…
- …e standards was subtly indicated in the Story through reference to the multiple …
- …hbooks.org/-ruW] , it is clear from the Story that Jack had a closer relationshi…
- … many other assumptions at play in this Story as there are in all human stories.…
- …experience and how I chose to write the Story. In subsequent chapters, I will il…
- …studies. It should be apparent from the Story that Sid and Cheryl were asking wh…
- …me about their feelings about the Steve Story as well as other aspects of their …
Organization of this Book
Some Common Assumptions
An Analysis of Assumptions
- By way of illustration, the Story told earlier in Appendix A described the Unifi…
- The participants in this Story illustrate the point that naturalistic teacher-in…
- What key points can be drawn from the Story of this research project? The part…
Some Additional Beliefs and Assumptions Regarding Human Inquiry
- I'm struggling to get my Grandmother's Story straight but she changes parts from…
- …ove my Grandmother and want to tell her Story to the rest of the family and anyo…
A Story
- …ra work more than worth the effort. The Story written by Marné Isakson about …
- … wrote are presented in Appendix A. The Story in Chapter One came almost directl…
Kinds of Fieldnotes
- …nclude what you have learned of their hiStory, details about their appearance, m…
- …t of the detail readers might want. The Story that began Chapter One is another …
- …setting is of central importance to the Story she is telling about her use of jo…
Example
An Article-Based Story
An Analysis of KL's Experience
A Self-Critique Story
A School's Superintendent's Story
- Garry’s Story provides a backdrop for a discussion of several key points about…
- A School Superintendent’s Story
An Analysis
- Story Telling and Narrative Inquiry
- … Connelly (2000), and others claim that Story telling and narrative inquiry are …
Conclusion
An Assistant Principal's Story
General Lessons
- … she were Garry, Marné, or Kyleen. Her Story about these five students and the …
- …y; they would have told her a different Story, and she would have heard a differ…
A Graduate Student Story
- …will then have a chance to expand your Story reading skills through a qualitat…
- To do this, you are invited to read a Story in Appendix G - An Example Study by…
- After reading this Story, you will be invited to look more closely at three ways…
Story Reading Through Analysis, Synthesis and Interpretation
- …ut these issues is in terms of stories. Storytelling and Story hearing or Story …
- …ough to listen for. Educators face many Storytellers daily.
- …ing his teachers and student teachers a Story through his smoking behavior on th…
- …those stories into a coherent classroom Story that everyone can share, but which…
- … Chapter Nine focuses on the sharing of Story-readings. This chapter provides …
An Analysis
- …fluence the readers as no other kind of Story can. The qualitative approach to
- …s study. His rationale for sharing this Story was that he wanted to establish a …
- …rocedures, we can examine a part of the Story he tells (the one in Appendix G) a…
- … least three kinds of interpretation or Story reading modes Rob or any qualitati…
- …n his dissertation. Let’s explore his Story in terms of all three to clarify y…
- The literature on narrative and Storytelling is extensive. One useful resource t…
- …ys, this narrative account seems like a Story with no interpretive stance. The r…
Spradley's Approach to Interpretation
Domain Analysis
- …omy coming from the analysis of Rob’s Story discussed in steps 1-4 above might…
- … of thinking were identified in Rob’s Story: 1) thinking on paper, 2) thinking…
- … various forms of analysis to “tell a Story” of your readings of the stories…
- …o the information on page 80 of Rob’s Story. The structural question “What a…
Sharing through Story Telling
- …horough review of the literature in the Story you tell to these audiences, in ad…
- …
- Sharing can range from telling a Story to a teacher down the hall about your “…
- For example, the Story we told in Chapter One about Steve being expelled from Un…
- …ences addressed and the elements of the Story that seem most appropriate for tha…
- … In a sense, sharing is another form of Story reading that we might call Story…
Revisiting Three Stories
- … [https://edtechbooks.org/-qRM]— This Story of a graduate student studying a t…
- … [https://edtechbooks.org/-ImJ]— This Story of an assistant elementary school …
- … [https://edtechbooks.org/-hhn]— This Story of an inquirer critiquing her own …
- … [https://edtechbooks.org/-azf]— This Story of one teacher’s study of one st…
- … [https://edtechbooks.org/-YKy]— This Story of one teacher’s journal keeping…
- …es and for very different purposes. The Story of Steve in Chapter One is really …
- … [https://edtechbooks.org/-Bzr]— This Story of a district superintendent’s s…
- …A [https://edtechbooks.org/-JBW]— The Story of teacher education based on inqu…
- …e [https://edtechbooks.org/-qpJ]— The Story of teachers deciding to expel a st…
An Analysis of Three Stories
- Garry’s Story
- Marné’s Story
- Steve’s Story
- …seems to be the climax of the overall Story, where she discovers that the main…
- Story elements. As you might have guessed, the journal article is another way to…
- …er, 1991) have pointed out the value of Story telling as a means of sharing educ…
- The Story of Steve begins with the discovery that he has been smoking during t…
- Marné’s resolution of her Story comes in the final section of the paper, begi…
- …e methods section, Marné begins her “Story telling” narrative section with …
- Audience. As stated earlier, the Story of Steve and his expulsion from Unified S…
- …e emphasis is being put on the need for Story telling by people like Barone (199…
- Audience. As illustrated earlier, this Story is of a district superintendent’s…
- Perhaps this is the kind of Story that must be told to audiences who read journa…
- Story elements. The Story told in Chapter One is typical of the timeless Story …
- …ause all audiences can relate to a good Story that is well told. As discussed be…
- …included in a dissertation or thesis “Story” seems fairly complete, if you a…
- Story elements. Interestingly, a thesis or dissertation consists essentially of…
- Audience. As noted above, this Story of one teacher’s journal keeping and ref…
Conclusion
Appendix B.2 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 2
Appendix B.3 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 3
Appendix B.4 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 4
Appendix B.5 - Marne's critique of her own study
Appendix D - Reflecting on Reflection
Appendix F - Moving Ahead: A Naturalistic Study of Retention Reversal of Five Elementary School Children
Appendix G.1 - An Examination of Teacher Reflection
- …e student does a fair job retelling the Story of Scylla and Charybdis. Then Dave…
- Dave breaks into the Story again. “Predict. What do you think is going to happ…
Appendix G.2 - Themes of Reflection
Subconscious
Kinds of Fieldnotes
An Analysis
Voice
A Story
An Analysis
An Analysis
Appendix A.3 - Patterns of Experience
Appendix B.2 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 2
Appendix B.3 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 3
Appendix B.4 - Allowing Space for Not-Knowing: What My Journal Teaches Me, Part 4
Appendix F - Moving Ahead: A Naturalistic Study of Retention Reversal of Five Elementary School Children
- …e they had the courage to listen to the Voices of the children. As professionals…
- …ls and children the pawns. Children’s Voices are heard as little whispers; adu…
- From the Voices of the parents it was evident that they wanted what was best for…
- …cators listen only superficially to the Voices of children. In every interview d…